Apave Inspector with a XRAY NDT

Our Non Destructive Testing Methods and Equipments

NDT integrates the principles of physics, chemistry and mathematics, and uses various forms of energy to gather precise information. The scientific underpinnings of NDT are essential to understanding the mechanisms involved, while the challenge is to select the appropriate methods and techniques to maximize the “probability of detection”.

Apave supports you in all your NDT projects, guaranteeing optimum performance and reliability.

Purposes of

Non Destructive Testing

  • Ensuring the Integrity and Reliability of the Product
  • Preventing Accidents and Saving Lives
  • Aiding in Product Design
  • Controlling Manufacturing Processes
  • Lowering Manufacturing Costs
  • Maintaining Uniform Quality Level

No single NDT method is applicable for all flaw detection or measurement needs. Each method comes with its own set of advantages and limitations.

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Radiographic Testing (RT)

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Radiography (X-rays / Gamma rays) is used to produce images of objects using film or other detector that is sensitive to radiation. This variation in radiation produces an image on the detector that shows internal features of the test object.

Film Radiography

Film and processing chemicals are commonly used in this method.

Apave provides Gamma ray – (Ir-192, Co-60, & Se-75) & X-rays.

 

Digital Radiography (DR)

Digital radiography significantly reduces radiation doses compared to film applications. New imaging techniques enhance defect visualization and enable more accurate evaluations.


Computed Radiography (CR)

Computed radiography uses flexible, photo-stimulable phosphor (PSP) plates in cassettes, exposed similarly to traditional film radiography. The cassette is scanned with a laser reader, converting the image to digital format for easier archiving and electronic distribution.

Apave provides Computed Radiography with Ir-192, Co-60, Se-75, X-rays (CR can also be performed with SCAR/CPR system).

 

Small Controlled Area Radiography (SCAR) / Closed Proximity Radiography (CPR)

SCAR systems use special projectors with Selenium 75 sources and controlled beam collimators, along with additional shielding, to reduce radiation levels to safe limits for open field radiography at construction sites. Apave provides SCAR / CPR systems approved by competent authorities for 24/7 use without hindering other construction activities.

Apave provides Small Controlled Area Radiography (SCAR) / Close Proximity System (CPS).

 
 

Ultrasonic Testing (UT)

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Ultrasonic inspection is employed to locate both surface and subsurface defects in metals, fabricated items, steel products, plastics, and wood. It also measures material thickness and characterizes material properties based on sound velocity and attenuation. This technique is particularly effective for detecting inter laminar separations and improperly processed or damaged regions in layered composite structures. The pulse echo method is the most common, introducing sound into an object and analyzing the echoes from internal imperfections or geometrical surfaces.

TOFD (Time Of Flight Diffraction)

The TOFD technique offers a computerized and automated approach for weld inspection, capable of scanning, storing, and evaluating indications in terms of height, length, and position with unprecedented accuracy compared to other ultrasonic methods. However, TOFD has two blind zones where it cannot detect defects, necessitating supplementary conventional pulse-echo examinations of the near and far walls.

 

Phased Array UT

Phased array technology overcomes many inconsistencies found in manual applications. A phased array probe consists of numerous small elements arranged in a line or cluster. By activating these elements with specific voltages, a beam of predetermined angles can be produced. The active elements can be moved to simulate manual techniques. Data collected during the inspection can be imaged as a C-scan, similar to a radiograph, and complemented by A-scan, B-scan, D-scan, and S-scan (sectorial scan) views.


Apave provides:

  • Flaw detection on raw materials, plates, forgings, castings.
  • Weld test using longitudinal angle, creep & shear wave probes.
  • UT – TOFD, PAUT.
  • Thickness Measurement.
  • Special probes to measure thickness on 10 mm OD tubes.
  • Thickness of thin materials min 0.6 mm.
  • Through paint thickness on steel measurement possible.
  • Thickness measurement on hot surfaces up to 600 C.
  • Bond Testing.
  • UT ‘A’ scan continuous recording facility.

Magnetic Particle Testing - MT (Wet & Dry - Fluorescent & Non Fluorescent)

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Magnetic particle testing (MT) detects discontinuities in ferromagnetic materials, such as iron, steel, nickel, cobalt, and their alloys. MT is highly effective at identifying cracks, laps, seams, and similar surface and near-surface discontinuities.

Apave provides:

  • Prod type (Up to 8000 Amps – Coils, Central Conductor, Head shots)
  • Electro Magnetic yoke
  • Permanent Magnet

Liquid Penetrant Testing / Dye Penetrant Testing - PT (Fluorescent & Non Fluorescent)

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Liquid penetrant testing (PT) is a straightforward, cost-effective, and reliable method for locating cracks, porosity, and other surface-breaking defects. It is capable of detecting a wide range of discontinuities, from large to microscopic, and can efficiently inspect large areas of nonporous materials.

Leak Tests (LT)

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Apave provides:

  • Helium leak detection – Mass spectrometer
    • Detectable leak rate - Pressure vacuum 10-2 to 10-11 cc/sec.
    • Detectable leak rate - Vacuum method 10-4 to 10-10 cc/sec.
    • Detectable leak rate - Pressure method 10-1 to 10-7 cc/sec.
  • Ultrasonic Leak Detection to detect gross leak from the system
    • Detectable leak rate 10-1 to 10-2 cc/sec.
  • Vacuum Leak Detection for tank bottom plates etc
    • Detectable leak rate 10-1 to 10-3 cc/sec.
  • Halogen Leak detection to locate gross leaks
    • Detectable leak rate 10-1 to 10-8 cc/sec.
  • Pneumatic leak detection to test pressure leaks

Hardness Testing

Hardness refers to a material's ability to resist plastic deformation, typically by penetration, but it can also mean resistance to bending, scratching, abrasion, or cutting. Evaluating the hardness of welding and other materials is crucial for determining their suitability in processes. We use a non-indenting tool that provides highly accurate readings in any position, and we also measure the hardness of non-ferrous and rubber parts.

Apave provides:

  • Poldy Hardness Measurement for Metals
  • Non indenting type Hardness Measurement for Metals
  • Hardness Measurement of Rubber

Ferrite testing

Apave provides Ferrite testing due to its Austenitic & Duplex materials.

Visual Testing (VT)

Visual examination is the most fundamental NDT method and an excellent tool for identifying surface defects or imperfections during manufacturing. Assisted by magnification devices, it can qualify or quantify the evaluated conditions. Remote visual examination, using flexible fiberscopes or borescopes with xenon lamps, allows inspection of inaccessible areas. This method can be video recorded, and flaw measurements can be easily taken.

Most NDT inspections begin with a visual inspection.

Positive Material Identification (PMI)

Portable XRF Spectrometry systems quickly and easily identify material compositions and quantify elements in parts or test samples without the need for wet chemistry or destructive testing. PMI provides chemical analysis and material grade identification for various alloys, metal powders, sintered alloys, metallic coatings, and precious metals. The handheld, rapid analyzer offers multiple calibration and testing options with a built-in data library for accurate, on-the-spot material matching and analysis.

Other testing

Repair & Servicing of NDT Equipments

Servicing and maintenance of NDT instruments are vital for successful NDT operations. It is uncommon for equipment to be used consistently without requiring repairs. Issues may include equipment not operating safely, not functioning at all, or not performing normally. We ensure proper and timely repairs.

Timely servicing and systematic maintenance, including calibrations, are essential for effective NDT operations to complete expected outputs within scheduled timeframes. We also offer preventative maintenance contracts to ensure customer equipment is both calibrated and operating at peak performance.

NDT Training & Consultancy

Success of NDT results is largely depends upon training, qualification & experience of NDT personnel. We train internal & external candidates on various mock-ups for hands on experience in performing NDT and interpretation of results.

We also provide NDT consultancy in establishing system and procedures for NDT.

 

Our facilities include :

  • Reference books in NDT & material processing
  • National & International NDT codes & specifications
  • Reference Radiographs
  • Sufficient Calibration Blocks & Reference Blocks
  • Sufficient NDT specimens with covered defects in various configurations for practice
  • Radiography Enclosure with darkroom
  • Customer specific training

 

We provide :

  • NDT training & Certification to ASNT Level I & II in RT, UT, MT & PT
  • ASNT Lv. III services for Inspection & Consultancy in NDT

Our strengths

1

OUR CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP APPROACH

With a strong international reputation, Apave is the trusted third party you need. The loyalty and trust of our clients is testament to our commitment to providing quality services. Apave will always be at the forefront of your safety and compliance expectations.
2

OUR EXPERTISE

Our teams have cutting-edge technical and regulatory expertise. They are at your service to guarantee reliable interventions to control your risks in all your projects.
3

OUR CORE VALUES

Our Group is built on strong values: customer focus, independence, professionalism, and integrity and respect. These values help shape our culture and work environment and ensure that our employees all work towards the same goals. These values are embedded in all of our processes, from staff training to service delivery, ensuring quality services.